The Greatest 100 Characters in history

In the Name of ALLAH

By Michael H.

1992

(1) Muhammad(PBUH) Prophet of Islam Religion Hart recognized that ranking Muhammad first might be controversial, but felt that, from a secular historian's perspective, this was the correct choice because Muhammad is the only man to have been both a founder of a major world religion and a major military/political leader. Name : Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullāh Date Of Birth : Monday 570/571 Place Of Birth : Mecca  Date Of Death : June 8, 632 Religion : Islam 'Founder Of Islam Religion' Cause : Spreading Islam Religion 'His Cause Still Spreading Until Now' (2) Isaac Newton 1689 portrait of Isaac Newton (aged 46) Anglican (rejected Trinitarianism ; believed in the Arianism of the Primitive Church) physicist ; theory of universal gravitation; laws of motion. Name : Sir Isaac Newton Date Of Birth : 4 January 1643 Place Of Birth : Woolsthorpe Manor in Woolsthorpe- by - Colsterworth , a hamlet in the county of Lincolnshire. Date Of Death : 31 March 1727 Religion : Anglican Cause : Laws of motion, Graviton 'Discoverer' (3) Jesus of Nazareth  Jesus Christ Judaism; Christianity founder of Christianity Name : Jesus of Nazareth Date Of Birth : 5 BC/BCE Place Of Birth : Bethlehem Of Judea Date Of Death : 30 BC/BCE Religion : Christianity 'Founder' Cause : Spreading Christian Religion 'His Cause Still Spreading Until Now' (4) Buddha A statue of the Buddha from Sarnath, 4th century CE Born : c. 563 BCE or 623 BCE Lumbini, today in Nepal Died : c. 483 BCE or 543 BCE (aged 80) Kushinagar, today in India founder of Buddhism (5) Confucius Confucianism  Full name Confucius 孔丘 Kǒng Qiū Born September 28, 551 BCE Qufu, Zhou Dynasty Died 479 BCE (aged 71–72) Qufu, Zhou Dynasty Era Ancient philosophy Region Eastern philosophy School Founder of Confucianism Main interests Moral philosophy, Social philosophy, Ethics Notable ideas Confucianism founder of Confucianism  (6) St. Paul Judaism Ananias restores the sight of Saint Paul Christianity proselytizer of Christianity Born c. 5 in Tarsus Died c 67 in Rome Venerated in All Christianity (7) Ts'ai Lun Chinese traditional religion inventor of paper (8) Johann Gutenberg Catholic developed movable type; printed Bibles (9) Christopher Columbus Catholic explorer; led Europe to Americas (10) Albert Einstein Jewish physicist; relativity; Einsteinian physics (11) Louis Pasteur Catholic scientist pasteurization (12) Galileo Galilei Catholic astronomer; accurately described heliocentric solar system (13) Aristotle Platonism Greek philosophy influential Greek philosopher (14) Euclid Platonism Greek philosophy mathematician; Euclidian geometry (15) Moses Judaism major prophet of Judaism (16) Charles Darwin Anglican (nominal) biologist; described Darwinian evolution, which had theological impact on many religions (17) Shih Huang Ti Chinese traditional religion Chinese emperor (18) gustus Caesar Roman state paganism ruler (19) Nicolaus Copernicus Catholic (priest) astronomer; taught heliocentricity (20) Antoine Laurent Lavoisier Catholic father of modern chemistry; philosopher; economist (21) Constantine the Great Roman state paganism; Christianity Roman emperor who made Christianity the state religion (22) James Watt nonreligious developed steam engine 23 Michael Faraday Sandemanian physicist; chemist; discovery of magneto-electricity 24 James Clerk Maxwell Presbyterian Anglican; Baptist physicist; electromagnetic spectrum 25 Martin Luther Catholic; Lutheran founder of Protestantism and Lutheranism 26 George Washington Episcopalian; Deist first president of United States 27 Karl Marx Jewish; Christian; Atheist; Marxism/Communism founder of Communism 28 Orville and Wilbur Wright United Brethren inventors of airplane 29 Genghis Khan Mongolian shamanism Mongol conqueror 30 Adam Smith Liberal Protestant economist; expositor of capitalism; religious philosopher 31 Edward de Vere a.k.a. "William Shakespeare" Christianity literature; also wrote 6 volumes about philosophy and religion 32 John Dalton Quaker chemist; physicist; atomic theory; law of partial pressures (Dalton's law) 33 Alexander the Great Greek state paganism conqueror 34 Napoleon Bonaparte Catholic (nominal) French conqueror 35 Thomas Edison Congregationalist; agnostic inventor of light bulb, phonograph, etc. 36 Antony van Leeuwenhoek Calvinist microscopes; studied microscopic life 37 William T.G. Morton ?? pioneer in anesthesiology 38 Guglielmo Marconi Catholic and Anglican inventor of radio 39 Adolf Hitler born into but later rejected Catholicism; allegedly a proponent of Germanic Neo-Paganism; Nazism conqueror; led Axis Powers in WWII 40 Plato Platonism Greek philosophy founder of Platonism 41 Oliver Cromwell Puritan (Protestant) British political and military leader 42 Alexander Graham Bell Unitarian/Universalist inventor of telephone 43 Alexander Fleming Catholic penicillin; advances in bacteriology, immunology and chemotherapy 44 John Locke raised Puritan (Anglican); Liberal Christian philosopher and liberal theologian 45 Ludwig van Beethoven Catholic composer 46 Werner Heisenberg discovered the principle of uncertainty 47 Louis Daguerre ?? an inventor/pioneer of photography 48 Simon Bolivar Catholic (nominal); Atheist National hero of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia 49 Rene Descartes Catholic Rationalist philosopher and mathematician 50 Michelangelo Catholic painter; sculptor; architect 51 Pope Urban II Catholic called for First Crusade 52 'Umar ibn al-Khattab Islam Second Caliph; expanded Muslim empire 53 Asoka Buddhism king of India who converted to and spread Buddhism 54 St. Augustine Christianity Early Christian theologian 55 William Harvey Anglican (nominal) described the circulation of blood; wrote Essays on the Generation of Animals, the basis for modern embryology 56 Ernest Rutherford ?? physicist; pioneer of subatomic physics 57 John Calvin Protestant; Calvinism Protestant reformer; founder of Calvinism 58 Gregor Mendel Catholic (monk) Mendelian genetics 59 Max Planck Protestant physicist; thermodynamics 60 Joseph Lister Quaker principal discoverer of antiseptics which greatly reduced surgical mortality 61 Nikolaus August Otto ?? built first four-stroke internal combustion engine 62 Francisco Pizarro Catholic Spanish conqueror in South America; defeated Incas 63 Hernando Cortes Catholic conquered Mexico for Spain; through war and introduction of new diseases he largely destroyed Aztec civilization 64 Thomas Jefferson Episcopalian; Deist 3rd president of United States 65 Queen Isabella I Catholic Spanish ruler 66 Joseph Stalin Russian Orthodox; Atheist; Marxism revolutionary and ruler of USSR 67 Julius Caesar Roman state paganism Roman emperor 68 William the Conqueror Catholic laid foundation of modern England 69 Sigmund Freud Jewish (non-practicing); Atheist Freudian psychology/psychoanalysis founder of Freudian school of psychology; psychoanalysis 70 Edward Jenner Christianity discoverer of the vaccination for smallpox 71 Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen ?? discovered X-rays 72 Johann Sebastian Bach Lutheran; Catholic composer 73 Lao Tzu Taoism founder of Taoism 74 Voltaire raised in Jansenism; later Deist writer and philosopher; wrote Candide 75 Johannes Kepler Lutheran astronomer; planetary motions 76 Enrico Fermi Catholic initiated the atomic age; father of atom bomb 77 Leonhard Euler Calvinist physicist; mathematician; differential and integral calculus and algebra 78 Jean-Jacques Rousseau born Protestant; converted as a teen to Catholic; later Deist French deistic philosopher and author 79 Nicoli Machiavelli Catholic wrote The Prince (influential political treatise) 80 Thomas Malthus Anglican (cleric) economist; wrote Essay on the Principle of Population 81 John F. Kennedy Catholic president of United States 82 Gregory Pincus Jewish endocrinologist; developed birth-control pill 83 Mani Manicheanism founder of Manicheanism, once a world religion which rivaled Christianity in strength 84 Lenin Russian Orthodox; Atheist; Marxism/Communism [more] Russian ruler 85 Sui Wen Ti Chinese traditional religion unified China 86 Vasco da Gama Catholic navigator; discovered route from Europe to India around Cape Hood 87 Cyrus the Great Zoroastrianism founder of Persian empire 88 Peter the Great Russian Orthodox forged Russia into a great European nation 89 Mao Zedong Atheist; Communism; Maoism founder of Maoism, Chinese form of Communism 90 Francis Bacon Anglican philosopher; delineated inductive scientific method 91 Henry Ford Protestant developed automobile; achievement in manufacturing and assembly 92 Mencius Confucianism philosopher; founder of a school of Confucianism 93 Zoroaster Zoroastrianism founder of Zoroastrianism 94 Queen Elizabeth I Anglican British monarch; restored Church of England to power after Queen Mary 95 Mikhail Gorbachev Russian Orthodox Russian premier who helped end Communism in USSR 96 Menes Egyptian paganism unified Upper and Lower Egypt 97 Charlemagne Catholic Holy Roman Empire created with his baptism in 800 AD 98 Homer Greek paganism epic poet 99 Justinian I Catholic Roman emperor; reconquered Mediterranean empire; accelerated Catholic-Monophysite schism 100 Mahavira Hinduism; Jainism founder of Jainism